When was palm jumeirah completed

The next step was the land reclamation, which although extensively managed in countries such as the Netherlands, had never been attempted on this scale. The elliptical shape of The Palm also made accuracy difficult when placing the sand.

The engineers found their solution in DGPS differential global positioning system , which allowed them to check the accuracy of the placement to within 1cm.

To build on unsettled land can lead to slippage — the Tower of Pisa being a good example. So, to hasten the settling, the sand underwent a process called vibro-compaction, which should mean there is no settlement greater than 1in in the next 50 years.

With the land reclaimed, the next step was to prepare it for occupation, with the installation of desalination plants, state-of-the-art vacuum sewerage wastewater treatment, underground power lines and the construction of a transport network including a monorail.

The transport network was designed following three in-depth surveys by leading traffic consultant MVA. These resulted in an extensive road network, with a connection to the mainland by a gateway bridge, two bridges with five lanes in each direction and a six-lane underwater tunnel connecting the spine to the crescent 1.

The Palm Monorail, created by Hitachi Ltd, offers a greener option, running from one end of the development to the other — a journey of about ten minutes. It will be the easiest way to explore The Palm — which is divided into distinct sections, each with its own unique character. Two of the nine trains supplied by Hitachi Ltd were raised on to the 5. Tests on the trains will be carried out for the next six months before the monorail is opened to the public in April The system will eventually connect to the Dubai Metro with direct links to Dubai Airport and other major transport hubs.

The Palm Monorail is fully automatic and driverless although manned by an attendant and has been developed by a consortium led by the Marubeni Corporation. The system will initially carry up to 2, passengers an hour in each direction in four separate trains, each made up of three cars. The massive dredging required to build the island has drastically changed the wave, temperature, and erosion patterns in the Persian Gulf, and a whole square mile of coral was killed.

Developers dropped two American fighter jets on the seafloor to create new reefs, and claim that Palm Jumeirah's breakwater will continue to bring more marine life to the area, but the World Wildlife Fund still insists that the UAE is "five times more unsustainable than any other country" on Earth. Nakheel projected that the first Palm would hold , residents, but it's currently home to about half that number.

And not all the islanders are happy about their new artificial paradise: the island's weird fractal shape has led to stagnant water, algae, and mosquitoes.

Mobile Newsletter banner close. Mobile Newsletter chat close. Mobile Newsletter chat dots. Mobile Newsletter chat avatar. Mobile Newsletter chat subscribe. City Guides. An aerial shot of Palm Jumeirah, a man-made island in Dubai that was finished in and is now home to thousands of residents and tourists.

Heart of Europe. Cite This! It will be a driverless train using Hitachi technology and will connect the main trunk with the Dubai Metro on Sheikh Zayed Road. Expected completion date is December See Palm Jumeirah monorail for more actual opening date was 30 April