What is the difference between stage1 and stage 2 of photosynthesis

In addition, an organism can either make its own food or eat another organism; either way, the food still needs to be broken down.

In nature, there is no such thing as waste. Every single atom of matter and energy is conserved, recycling over and over, infinitely. Substances change form or move from one type of molecule to another, but their constituent atoms never disappear. CO 2 is no more a form of waste than oxygen is wasteful to photosynthesis. Both are byproducts of reactions that move on to other reactions. Photosynthesis absorbs light energy to build carbohydrates in chloroplasts, and aerobic cellular respiration releases energy by using oxygen to metabolize carbohydrates in the cytoplasm and mitochondria.

Photosynthesis consumes carbon dioxide and produces oxygen. Both processes use electron transport chains to capture the energy necessary to drive other reactions. These two powerhouse processes, photosynthesis and cellular respiration, function in biological, cyclical harmony to allow organisms to access life-sustaining energy that originates millions of miles away in the sun.

Privacy Policy. Skip to main content. Search for:. The Light-Independent Reactions of Photosynthesis. CAM and C4 Photosynthesis Some plants have evolved mechanisms to increase the CO 2 concentration in their leaves under hot and dry conditions. Key Takeaways Key Points The process of photosynthesis in desert plants has evolved mechanisms to conserve water.

Plants that use crassulacean acid metabolism CAM photosynthesis fix CO 2 at night, when their stomata are open. Key Terms crassulacean acid metabolism : A carbon fixation pathway that evolved in some plants as an adaptation to arid conditions, in which the stomata in the leaves remain shut during the day to reduce evapotranspiration, but open at night to collect carbon dioxide CO2. The Calvin Cycle The Calvin cycle is organized into three basic stages: fixation, reduction, and regeneration.

Stage 1 requires light. Stage 2 can work in the light or in the dark. The energy accumulated in Stage 1 is used to drive Stage 2. Experiment : We will conduct a simple experiment using spinach leaves to demonstrate that, in the presence of light and carbon dioxide, leaf tissues produce gas bubbles.

While we cannot prove in this experiment that the bubbles are oxygen without a gas probe, we can demonstrate, by use of a control, that the bubbles only form when the leaves are submerged in a sodium bicarbonate solution which releases CO 2 and not when they are submerged in pure water. While there are many steps behind the process of photosynthesis, it can be broken down into two major stages: light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions.

Through a process called photosynthesis, plants use energy in sunlight to turn a gas called carbon dioxide and water into sugar. Plants then use this sugar to grow.

At the same time, plants produce a gas called oxygen as a waste product, which is lucky for us and other animals because we need oxygen to breathe! During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured and used to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds.

The excitement of electrons of chlorophyll b photon of light is the first step of photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, plants trap light energy with their leaves. Plants use the energy of the sun to change water and carbon dioxide into a sugar called glucose.

Glucose is used by plants for energy and to make other substances like cellulose and starch. Cellulose is used in building cell walls. The primary function of photosynthesis is to convert solar energy into chemical energy and then store that chemical energy for future use. It contributes to the carbon cycle between the earth, the oceans, plants and animals. It contributes to the symbiotic relationship between plants, humans and animals.

It directly or indirectly affects most life on Earth. While chloroplasts exist today within other cells, such as plant cells, they have their own DNA and genes. Analysis of the sequence of these genes has revealed that chloroplasts evolved from independently-living photosynthetic organisms related to a group of bacteria called cyanobacteria.

A similar process occurred when the ancestors of mitochondria, the organelles within cells where oxidative respiration, the chemical opposite of photosynthesis, takes place.

According to the theory of endosymbiosis, a theory which was given a boost recently, because of a new study published in the journal Nature, both chloroplasts and mitochondria once lived as independent bacteria, but were engulfed within the ancestors of eukaryotes, leading ultimately to the emergence of plants and animals. David Warmflash is an astrobiologist-writer, with a passion for communicating science to the general public. Additionally, he is fascinated with ancient history.

What Happens in the Light Reaction of Photosynthesis?